Tengion is the leader in the field of regenerative medicine. Regenerative medicine is nothing but developing new human organs and tissues obtained from the patient’s own cells.
Tengion has been doing intense research and has made great advance in the field of regenerative medicine.
Lisfranc joints are often rare and generally misdiagnosed. The symptoms are pain, swelling and the inability to bear weight. Clinically, these injuries vary from mild sprains to fracture-dislocations. On physical examination, swelling is found primarily over the midfoot region. Pain is elicited with palpation along the tarsometatarsal articulations, and force applied to this area may elicit medial or lateral pain. Radiographs showing diastasis of the normal architecture confirm the presence of a severe sprain and possible dislocation. Negative standard and weight-bearing radiographs do not rule out a mild (grade I) or moderate (grade II) sprain. Reevaluation may be necessary if pain and swelling continue for 10 days after the injury. Proper treatment of a mild to moderate Lisfranc injury improves the chance of successful healing and reduces the likelihood of complications. Patients with fractures and fracture-dislocations should be referred for surgical management.
The Lisfranc joint, or tarsometatarsal articulation of the foot, is named for Jacques Lisfranc (1790-1847), a field surgeon in Napoleon’s army. Lisfranc described an amputation performed through this joint because of gangrene that developed after an injury incurred when a soldier fell off a horse with his foot caught in the stirrup.
Courtesy: www.en.Allexperts.com
NOTE: The following content is solely for informational purposes and should not by any chance be considered as medical advice or a substitute for the same.
This is one of the most feared of the Breast cancers simply because it is the most difficult to find out!
Triple negative means your pathogen states that your tumor is:
estrogen receptor-negative
progesterone receptor-negative
HER2-negative
Although it has been greatly feared, Herceptin can give women a targeted therapy specific for their type of tumor.
Those who have estrogen or progesterone positive breast cancer can use Tamoxifen or Aromatase inhibitors to prevent recurrence.
For those with Triple Negative,
Chemotherapy is the mainstay of therapy. EFGR inhibitors are also used at times.
There is also research going on with cetuximab with or without the chemotherapy drug carboplatin in patients with triple negative metastatic breast cancer.This study is the first one specifically designed to target a breast cancer subtype identified by gene expression analysis, with the hope of identifying a class of agents that could offer triple negative patients a survival benefit that is comparable to that achieved with the use of Herceptin.
According to a study published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, triple negative breast cancer patients are more likely to develop distant metastasis. Researchers conducted a study among 482 women with early stage breast cancer. Out of the 482 women, 177 had triple negative disease. All women were treated with lumpectomy and radiation therapy. Some women also received chemotherapy. After five years 67 percent of women with triple negative breast cancer were free of distant metastasis, compared to 82 percent of the other women. Risk of local recurrence was equal in the two groups.
Coutrtesy: Cancer Blog
